erori: Defense Resources Management in the 21st century

17th edition of the International Scientific Conference

Defense Resources Management in the 21st Century
October 27th - 28th 2022, Brasov, Romania

KEYNOTE SPEAKERS


                          

                          

                          


PICTURES FROM THE EVENT


                 

                 

                 

                 



MEDIA


                       







ARTICLES

MANAGEMENT OF PROCUREMENT PROGRAMS IN THE ROMANIAN NAVAL FORCES – MODERNIZATION OF THE PROPULSION SYSTEM FOR AN ARMORED PATROL SHIP

APOSTOL Viorel

Ministry of National Defence, Romania
Abstract
There are multiple interests today that converge to ensure national security.The National Defense Strategy aims at an integrative and balanced approach, without being limited to the defense dimension. In an area characterized by the collision of interests and in a period marked by rapid geopolitical changes, strategic credibility is an important national value both in relation to our allies and partners, and to our own citizens. In order for Romania to manage coherently and responsibly the risks and the responses to threats, it is necessary more than ever to have cohesion and consensus at national level in the vital issues for our country. Thus, in recent years, in accordance with the priorities stated in the National Strategy for the Country’s Defense and in order to respond to the current security challenges, the Ministry of National Defense has started multiple programs to increase the level of equipment and armaments, modernize the existing ones and increase the capacity of staff to meet the challenges posed to national security.
Key words
security; changes; programs; equipment; armaments.
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ETHICAL LEADERSHIP: CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS

ALLAHVERDIYEV Gasim

Ministry of Defence, Azerbaijan
Abstract
Being ethical leader is not as easy as other job. There are a lot of challenges but I always believe that if there are a lot of challenges there are a lot of solutions too. If we understand that how to properly and ethically communicate with our subordinates we can understand their problems easily. Communication starts with listening. Ethical leader has to be good listener. If we know how to use our team member,s capabilities properly we can find way to success easily.
Key words
ethical; leadership; communication; teams; behaviour.
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THE PLACE AND ROLE OF NAVAL LOGISTICS BASE HEADQUARTER INTO PPBES PHASES

AVISALON Adrian

Ministry of National Defence, Romania
Abstract
Planning, programming, budgeting, and evaluation/execution are the result of the normal existence of economic phenomena and processes valid in any structure. In Romania, PPBES has been adopted and applied in order to be able to manage public money as efficiently as possible. This paper presents the policies, responsibilities, objectives, purpose and organization of the PPBE system, as a constituent part of the process of Planning, Programming, Budgeting and Evaluation (PPBE) of the defense resources of the Ministry of National Defense (MoND), by studying this process within the Naval Logistics Base Headquarter "Pontica"(NLBH). The main objectives of the annual PPBE process of the MoND are to establish, justify and procure the fiscal and labor resources necessary to fulfill and execute the missions assigned to the army and to give the combatant command the best mix of armed forces, equipment and labor, also obtaining the support of other indirect resources.
Key words
planning; programming; budgeting; evaluation; execution; PBBES.
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URBAN RESILIENCE AND SECURITY IN TODAY'S SOCIETY: INTEROPERABILITY OF TWO CONCEPTS OLD BUT YET NEW, DIFFERENT BUT HOWEVER TOGETHER

BADEA Dorel */**
RANF Diana Elena **
BUCOVEŢCHI Olga Maria Cristina***
TODĂRIŢĂ Elida *

*”Nicolae Bălcescu” Land Forces Academy, Sibiu, Romania,
**”Lucian Blaga” University, Sibiu, Romania,
***”Politehnica” University of Bucharest, Romania
Abstract
The management of urban resilience should be seen as an integrative managerial field, insufficiently developed yet and affirmed as belonging to the general managerial science, of the future, which unifies fragmented approaches induced in areas such as risk, business continuity, change, crises. The current societal constraints support the need to operationalize the practical complementarity given by concepts such as resilience and security to emphasize the role of organizational representativeness and involvement (as a way of good practice), with reference to both the public and private spectrum.
Key words
rezilience; security society; city, complementarity; interoperability.
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THE CHALLENGE OF THE TUNISIA’S DOD IN TERMS OF TRANSPARENCY AND THE FIGHT AGAINST CORRUPTION

BILEL Naoufel

Ministry of Defence, Tunisia
Abstract
Recent theoretical developments and case studies suggest a close relationship between the management model of the army and other institutions in one country. This study contributes to this literature by analyzing theoretically and practically the role that the Tunisia’s DOD should play in the fight against corruption. Drawing on a cross-sectional and panel dataset covering challenges faced by the DOD, substantial empirical support is found for a positive relationship between the military and anti-corruption. This relationship is found to be robust to a variety of specification changes, different econometric techniques, different sample sizes, and alternative corruption indices. This study suggests that the way the military institution is managed is as important as the conventionally accepted causes of corruption. It also provides recommendations aimed at more transparency in the management of the Tunisian armed forces.
Key words
management, transparency, military, environment, Tunisia.
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SWOT ANALYSIS – MANAGERIAL TOOL FOR ORGANIZATION’S STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT. CASE STUDY DANUBE RIVERINE FLOTTILA BETWEEN PRESENT AND FUTURE “THE RIVERINE FLOTILLA COULD BECOME A CREDIBLE AND CAPABLE FORCE WITHIN NATO STRUCTURES”

BOANȚĂ Mircea George

Ministry of National Defence, Romania
Abstract
The aim of this paper, using as a research tool the SWOT analysis to answer generically to the questions: "Why do we need a strong riverine flotilla on the Danube?", "why other countries bordering the Danube do not need river forces” or “Is a river force still needed in the next millennium?“ Questions which appear quite often in the public space, imposed by economic rather than military reasons.
Key words
SWOT, analysis, capabilies, forces, development.
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MARGINAL ANALISIS IN DECISION-MAKING

BOSÂNCEANU Alexandru

Ministry of National Defence, Romania
Abstract
In the conditions of the dynamic development of the economy, the task of making effective managerial decisions is becoming increasingly important. A special role in substantiating management decisions is assigned to marginal analysis. To form a qualitatively new level of management, it is necessary to justify management decisions as fully as possible and evaluate their effectiveness at all levels of management. Margin analysis establishes a correlation between the most important indicators characterizing the activity of any enterprise - costs, volume, and profit. Using this tool, management can predict the amount of profit, and its change compared to the existing level and, based on this information, make the right managerial decisions on choosing an enterprise strategy. With the help of margin analysis, other management decisions are also substantiated: a choice is made of a change in production capacity, the product range is determined, the price of a new product is made, and a decision is made on the purchase or purchase of parts, the effectiveness of accepting an additional order is evaluated, and others. The methodology of marginal analysis is based on the study of the relationship between the most important indicators: costs, the volume of production (sales) of products, and profit, as well as forecasting the magnitude of each of these indicators for a given value of others. This analysis is also called breakeven analysis since this analysis allows you to find the equilibrium point, i.e. critical sales volume, or break-even point - the point at which the total revenue is equal to the total cost. They represent the sum of fixed and variable costs. The Break-even point is a situation in which the company does not incur losses, but also has no profit. Below the breakeven point mean losses for the management, above the equilibrium point - profit. The key elements of marginal analysis are operational, financial leverage, the stock of financial strength of the enterprise, and the threshold of profitability. This paper explores marginal analysis as a tool for making effective management decisions. The importance of using margin analysis to select an enterprise development strategy is noted. The basis of the marginal analysis is the division of production and marketing costs depending on changes in the volume of production into variables and fixed.
Key words
cost-benefit analysis; margin analysis; management; profit; decision-making.
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ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ABOVE ORGANIZATION’S PERFORMANCE Case study ROMGAZ GROUP & ROMANIAN NAVY

BURLACU Ciprian

Ministry of National Defence, Romania
Abstract
Climate change and environmental degradation are an existential threat to civilization. Before the Pandemic and the War on Ukraine the growing concern about the environment and the realization that organizations are the major contributors of harmful emissions and waste as well as major consumers of resources, have resulted in the adoption of the European Green Deal [1]. To overcome climate change and environmental degradation, the European Green Deal was set to transform the EU into a modern, resource-efficient and competitive economy, ensuring no net emissions of greenhouse gases by 2050, economic growth decoupled from resource use and all that by teamwork with no person and no country left behind. The European Green Deal is also our lifeline out of the COVID-19 pandemic. The long-term effects of the COVID-19 pandemic [2], associated government and private sector’s responses on the environment, are linked to the impact of sectoral and regional shocks to the economy until 2040 to a range of environmental pressures, including greenhouse gas emissions, emissions of air pollutants, the use of raw materials and land use change. The impacts of the pandemic on economic activity are not clearly distilled yet. While many countries are now relying on vaccination and improved treatments, China has stuck to a policy of lockdowns and other restrictions (zero-COVID strategy). In addition, recovery packages are still evolving/in progress in many countries. Furthermore, the success of vaccine campaigns implies that there is a higher chance of becoming endemic, the speed with which life “returns to normal” remains to be seen. Last but not least, Russia's war started on February 24 puts additional pressure on a still fragile economic system and lots of challenges lie ahead. Spiking commodity prices combined with significantly higher energy prices following invasion of Ukraine means the spectre of inflation and insecurity looms large and therefore Romania’s efforts to build a resilient economic recovery from COVID-19 just got harder. In the current geo-political context it’s high time for Romania to rise above the times and through smart and timely investments and actions such as those described in this case study to benefit from the strategic relevance of the Black Sea and, with an integrated approach, become a provider of security, energy and food for Europe.
Key words
Concept of environment, business environment, performance and effects of environment impact on organizational performance, the first climate-neutral continent.
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BUILDING RESILIENCE IN THE DEFENSE INDUSTRY: THE TURKISH CASE

Ebru CAYMAZ Assistant Profesor, PhD.*
Fahri ERENEL Associate Professor, PhD.**

* Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Turkey
** Department of Business Administration, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
Abstract
Today’s unpredictable security environment, in which complicated and multiplied threats are originated from both state and non-state actors, poses a serious challenge to national security. When rapid technological change and its associated risks are combined with renewed great power competition, the vulnerability of defense systems significantly increases as a result of power, knowledge, and threat asymmetry. Often defined as the ability to resist and recover from the effects of hazards in an efficient and timely manner, the concept of resilience has become highly prominent in the security and defense domain since national security necessitates strengthened civil-military capabilities. In order to maintain operational readiness in case of both national and international crises, conflicts, and emergencies, continuous functionality of these capabilities including the ability to protect critical infrastructure, assist coalition operations, and develop new technology has the utmost significance. Accordingly, this study aims to discuss the significance of building resilience in the defense industry based on the Turkish case.
Key words
Defense, Defense Industry, Resilience, Turkish Defense Industry.
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ETHICAL DECISION-MAKING. REVISITING A SELECT FEW CRITICAL THINKING FOCUSED FRAMEWORKS

CODREANU Aura
ANTONOAIE Cristina
VASILESCU Cezar

Regional Department of Defense Resources Management Studies, Brasov, Romania
Abstract
Decision-making is never an easy task. Moral, ethical and legal constraints make it even more difficult especially when decisions do not necessarily fall under right v wrong courses of action. The multifarious factors that come into play such as cultural norms and practices, business deontology, legal framework, overall timeliness of decisions may turn the decision-making process into a conundrum. A possible solution advanced by this article is to revisit a select few critical thinking focused frameworks that could represent points of reference for decision makers who are keen on taking decisions that do not only meet the goals of the organizations that employ them, but are first and foremost ethical in their nature.
Key words
uncertainty, ethical risk, critical thinking, ethical decision-making, resource availability, timeliness, individual predispositions, environmental uncertainty.
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THE EU STRATEGIC COMPASS-BETWEEN STRATEGY AND ACTION PLAN, AT THE CROSSROADS OF THE OLD AND THE NEW

CONSTANTINESCU Maria
DUMITRACHE Vlad Ionut
POPA Brîndușa Maria

DRESMARA/ National Defense University Carol I/ Brasov/ Romania
Abstract
The security environment of the European continent has changed significantly in the last 10 years, from an approach dominated by multilateralism, expansion of the EU to the East and an optimistic view on the future as geared towards cooperation and development to an environment dominated by crisis of various natures (economic, migration, climatic, pandemic, conflict) peer competition and revanchist desires of rewriting the borders. Both NATO and EU had to adapt to these changes and develop more appropriate response mechanisms to the complex challenges that are constantly emerging and the first step in this process is the development of new strategic documents. The aim of this paper is to provide an analysis of the EU Strategic Compass, by examining its strengths and weaknesses, the potential ways of action that can be identified, with emphasis on the military implications.
Key words
Strategic Compass, strategy, action plan, rapid deployment capacity.
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RISKS AND VULNERABILITIES OF THE EUROPEAN GREEN DEAL IN THE CURRENT INTERNATIONAL CONTEXT

COZMEI Andreea Ștefania

National University of Political Studies and Public Administration of Bucharest, Romania
Abstract
Referring to the international context as a first starting point throughout this article, the visible and most recent conflicts that have been taking place in the immediate vicinity of the European Union is the one major reasons for which I have decided to bring into discussion the vulnerabilities of the latest European project with a vital role in the European citizens lives. In the beginning of this article, I will be arguing on the importance of support from the international community, that is lacking, on the values promoted by a project as the European Green Deal and the way it should be viewed, as a rescue attempt from the very serious situation regarding the environment. I will also be arguing on how the energy security field is also concerned about the drastic changes it must face and how the transition to green energy is perceived. Also, another very important subject addressed in this article would be the impossibilities that the European Green Deal is facing in imposing a certain level of responsibility at the individual level in the context on the Ukrainian refugee crisis, oil and gas crisis and the international tensions and threats that are permanently hovering over the old continents people.
Key words
vulnerabilities; war; international society; crisis; responsibility; threat; environment.
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THE INCLUSION OF THE EUROPEAN GREEN DEAL IN THE ECOLOGICAL DOCTRINE

COZMEI Andreea Ștefania

National University of Political Studies and Public Administration of Bucharest, Romania
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to first present in broad terms the main characteristics and operating principles of a society that is exclusively guided by the values specific to the ecological doctrine. After establishing the limits of this hypothetical framework, I will try to frame the European Green Pact in the ecological doctrine by analyzing the goals of this ambitious project and the ways in which they will be fulfilled, and then I will refer to the de facto situation at the political level in the Union European and to the expectations and influences of other party families of other political orientations. I am looking to find out how much support this project has from the party families at the European level by analyzing the similarities and differences between the values that represent the basis of this project, which involves major and radical changes in a short time, and the values and type of European society towards which tend to the other European party families and the establishment of discrepancies between these perspectives that seem, at first sight, to coexist successfully on the same continent, while sharing a complex institutional system and managing to agree on a project like the European Green Deal.
Key words
cological doctrine; the European Union; party families; value systems; pollution; nature.
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FAKE NEWS AND THE MILITARY ORGANIZATION

CRĂCEA Cătălin

Ministry of National Defence, România
Abstract
Fake news is a phenomenon that, along with the speed of mass communication nowadays, has an enormous potential to do harm. Be it propagated consciously or not, this reality is yet to be addressed at a sufficient scale to be minimized and then eventually, ignored. Its range is non-discriminatory as it affects a wide array of domains, from politics and military operations, to high-life and common people’s lives. It can influence elections up to the point that can decide the free choice of a countries’ leadership or significantly reduce the huge volume of resources invested in a military operation.
Key words
fake news; military; communication; effects.
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NATO AND EU APPROACHES TO DEFENSE PLANNING

DARIE Ioan

Ministry of National Defence, România
Abstract
EU-NATO cooperation constitutes an integral pillar of the EU’s work aimed at strengthening European security and defence, as part of the implementation of the EU Global Strategy. It also contributes to Trans-Atlantic burden sharing. A stronger EU and a stronger NATO are mutually reinforcing. Within European Union coexist three types of defense planning: the national planning of each of the Member States, NATO planning (NDPP - NATO Defense Planning Process) and the European Union’s planning. Is there any coherence between these processes? Is it possible that these different planning systems to coexist? What are their strengths and weaknesses? Answering these questions is essential making the most out of limited national resources while maximizing its outcomes.
Key words
EU, NATO, defense plannig, approaches.
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A WAR THAT NEVER ENDS. THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM'S INABILITY TO EMERGE A STABLE POWER STRUCTURE AND A FUNCTIONAL ORDER

DINICU Anca
IANCU Dumitru

”Nicolae Bălcescu” Land Forces Academy from Sibiu, Romania
Abstract
This paper presents the possibility of a new cold war between the West and Russia. The end of the Cold War opened the door to a new era, called to this day in a highly simplistic way - post-Cold War. Aspirations of cooperation on a mutually beneficial basis and perhaps even hopes of cultural unification have been abandoned because of the activation of imperialist reminiscences amid the erosion of Russia's power status in the international security environment. The following aspects should be mentioned as general conclusions of the research. First of all, the relatively unexpected end of this competition fought from antagonistic positions generated a lack of consensus, which has been accentuated as time passed regarding the real causes that determined the event and the moment when it came to a peaceful conclusion. Secondly, the order in an international system is shaped by the power potential of the states and the established power hierarchy, by the way the powerful actors (current, former, or aspiring) define their national interest and fulfill not only their role in the international scene but also the obligations resulting from a common international coexistence.
Key words
Cold War; agreement; great power; power architecture; international system.
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COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUES - A FINE ”CATALYST” IN OPTIMISING ORGANISATIONAL EFFECTIVENESS AND PERFORMANCE

DOBRESCU Cristian

Ministry of National Defence, Romania
Abstract
The impact of communication techniques on organisational effectiveness and performance research has been the subject of numerous studies over the last decade in the development of communication skills of managers/leaders. In today’s competitive, complex and changing global security environment, military organizations are challenged to adopt organizational models that enable them to address the uncertainties and strategic risks they face in their environments. The main thrust of this paper is that one of the ways in which military organizations can continually rejuvenate themselves to survive and succeed in these complex and uncertain environments is by understanding the role of communication in formulating a viable strategy given the current security environment that will produce a competitive and sustainable advantage that, in turn, will lead to improved military organization performance and effectiveness.
Key words
communication, control, management, performance, efficiency, effectiveness, objectives, planning, monitoring, skills, techniques.
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COMMUNITY RESILIENCE AND RESPONSE TO CRISIS AND DISASTERS: THE ROLE OF CORPORATE COMPETITIVENESS AND ADAPTABILITY

DRĂGUŢ Andrei Eugen

Independent researcher
Abstract
It is already a proven fact that companies play a major role in shaping the modern world, overall companies have proven a great experience in dealing with a fast-paced world that is in constant change. The unique experience, competitive nature and adaptability can and have provided proof that private companies can and should become more involved in plans to build community resilience. We all know that crises and disasters inflict perturbations on human society and its development and in many years it takes years, even decades to mend the effects on a societal level, while entire lives, hopes, and dreams get lost forever. Corporations play a major role in shaping our world through the economic, social, technological, and behavioral impact that they have on those who are touched either directly by their products and services or indirectly by the social and economic changes those products and services bring about.
Key words
corporate communication; community resilience; corporate social responsibility; corporate competitiveness; KPI; emergency preparedness; disaster response; disaster relief; emergency; innovation; corporate governance.
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HOW THE QUADRILATERAL SECURITY DIALOGUE SHOULD DEVELOP IN THE CONTEXT OF CHINA’S AMBITIONS IN THE EAST CHINA SEA

DUMITRACHE Vlad
CONSTANTINESCU Maria
POPA Brindusa Maria

DRESMARA/Brasov/Romania
Abstract
The Quadrilateral Security Dialogue or Quad has been established in 2008 and has been reorganized starting with 2017. With rising tensions in the East China Sea due to president Xi’s ambitions against Taiwan and with global security challenges following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine the Quad’s evolution has become interesting in the given context. The AUKUS partnership leads to question of whether other strategic security partnerships will be developed in the Quad and whether the countries building this alliance can have a common voice in regards of political and security issues in the region. Could the Quad be structured similar to NATO is a major question that this paper tries to answer.
Key words
security dialogue, capability development, strategic framework, indo-pacific alliance.
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THE PPBS AND HOW IT HAS BEEN ADAPTED IN ESTONIA

OJALA Eigo

Ministry of National Defense, Estonia
Abstract
Estonia is not very different in nature from other countries in terms of the principle of structural and decision-making. The main differences can be at the moment, perhaps in terms of recruitment, and in terms of planning and obtaining defense resources. At this point, everything that does not concern training has been transferred to another domain, where a completely separate institution is working to ensure that the military is guaranteed everything that is necessary in terms of procurement.
Key words
PPBES, challenges, Estonia, planning, defense.
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BLOCKCHAIN – A TOOL IN DEFENSE MANAGEMENT RESOURCES

FIRĂNESCU Marius

Ministry of National Defence, Romania
Abstract
Blockchain technology is not an easy concept to understand. Neither was the internet at first. However, this cannot stand in our way of overlooking the implications and opportunities this technology can provide us. Digital technologies have transformed warfare. Today, warfighters use connected devices to coordinate air strikes on the battlefield. Drones are controlled from thousands of miles away. Commanders watch real-time video streams of the battle space. Logistics and the broader supply chain are regulated and managed by complex digital technologies.Blockchain technology will provide an advantage in intelligence, weapons life cycle, personnel management and information warfare. Blockchain technology has the potential to fundamentally alter our way of life and the way we conduct military operations, both operationally and logistically.
Key words
blockchain, technology, warfare, logistics.
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WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ELEMENTS FOR FOOD SECURITY, IN THE CURRENT GEOPOLITICAL CONTEXT OF ROMANIA 2022

MANCIA Mircea Sebastian*
POPOVICIU Gabriela A.**
PAINA Liliana*
MANCIA Aurora*

*Faculty of Civil Engineering, Cadastre and Architecture / Department of Cadastre / University of Oradea / Oradea / Romania
**Faculty of Environmental Protection / Department of Agriculture-Horticulture / University of Oradea / Oradea / Romania
Abstract
A state has national security when it ensures the security and food safety of its citizens. Agriculture, with its sub-branches: plant and animal breeding, agricultural products processing industry, producer-to-consumer distribution networks, can be one of the basic sources for the development of national potential. In Romania there is a high degree of dependence and vulnerability regarding climatic conditions and water resources. From a hydrological point of view, on the territory of our country, we find an uneven distribution of the water resources necessary for the population, industry and agriculture. The food security of a state - from our perspective, of Romania - can only be ensured by using all natural resources managed judiciously and with maximum efficiency. The elements that influence food security in the 21st century, in general, are: global warming, desertification, land degradation, climate changes with increasingly accepted dry periods: to these are added elements specific to the years 2021 and 2022, such as: the liberalization of prices at energy, the COVID-19 health crisis and the war waged by Russia in Ukraine.
Key words
structural measures; natural resources; hydrological drought; water resources; water management forecast.
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RESOURCES MANAGEMENT FOR OPERATIONAL TRAINING

NICUȘAN Gabriel

Ministry of National Defence, Romania
Abstract
Closing the gap between training, leader development, and battlefield performance has always been the critical challenge for any army. Overcoming this challenge requires achieving the correct balance between training management and training execution. Training management focuses leaders on the science of training in terms of resource efficiencies (such as people, time, right type of training conducted on right place/area with all the necessary resources provided as close as possible to the real operation) measured against tasks and standards. Training execution focuses leaders on the art of leadership to develop trust, will, and teamwork under varying conditions. Leaders integrate this science and art to identify the right tasks, conditions, and standards in training, foster unit will and spirit, and then adapt to the battlefield with the most important goal, to win.
Key words
resources, management, training, leadership, execution.
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NGOS INVOLVEMENT IN THE FIGHT FOR HUMAN RIGHTS AND AGAINST HUMAN TRAFFICKING

Silvia Elena Nitescu *
Flavius Darie *
Ileana Tache **

*Faculty of Economic Sciences/Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu/Romania
**Faculty of Economic Sciences and Business Administration / Transilvania University of Brasov/Romania
Abstract
This article addresses the subject of human rights and particularly the extremely sensitive one of human trafficking, presenting some historical references on the matter and the current state of affairs, as well as the involvement of Romanian NGOs in the fight against this phenomenon. The economic drivers of migrant exploitation and human trafficking are also investigated. This paper highlights some measures and actions taken by the authorities and NGOs in Romania in their effort to raise awareness of the phenomenon, to prevent it and to counterattack these forms of human rights violations, as well as to help people who are actual or potential victims of human trafficking to get out of the respective situations and reintegrate into society.
Key words
NGOs; human trafficking; victim; human rights; economic drivers; government, traffickers.
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CONTEMPORARY TRENDS IN MANAGEMENT OF HUMAN RESOURCES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE MILITARY SYSTEM

PAVILIU Marius

Ministry of National Defence, Romania
Abstract
In the contemporary competitive, complex and changing global environment development and in the midst of new technologies, organisations are being challenged to adapt their vision in order to react quickly in response to changing conditions. This study represent an overview about contemporary trends in management of human resources and opportunities to implement them in the military system.
Key words
human resource management, employee, workforce, military community, contemporary trends, security environment.
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HOW THE SECRET INTELLIGENCE SERVICES WILL CHANGE AFTER THE RUSSIA – UKRAINE WAR

PĂIUȘ Ioana Hermina

PhD candidate Babeș Bolyai University Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Abstract
Intelligence has changed. Secret Services is no longer just about spying or passively watching a target. Espionage chiefs now command secret armies and legions of cyber warriors who can quietly shape international relations itself. Intelligence actively supports diplomacy, peacekeeping and warfare: the entire spectrum of security activities. As traditional interstate wars become more costly, covert action, black propaganda and other forms of secret interventionism become more important. This ranges from proxy warfare to covert action; from targeted killing to disruption activity. Meanwhile, surveillance permeates communications to the point where many feel there is little privacy. Intelligence, and the accelerating technology that surrounds it, have never been more important for the citizen and the state. We will examine: why states choose to use intelligence – including fabricated intelligence for influencing external audiences, the different methods they deploy for doing so, the gains and costs of publicising intelligence, and how open-source third-parties affect this and, therefore, how the use of intelligence during the Russia-Ukraine conflict should be understood within broader historical and contemporary trends. We conclude that while liberal democracies’ use of intelligence in public is to be welcomed, this will need careful risk management - from sources and methods to public trust and politicization- if it is to become a new normal of statecraft moving forward.
Key words
Intelligence; invasion; Ukraine; Russia; consequences; secret; change; war.
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STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT IN THE IMPLEMENTATION PROCESS OF NEW TECHNOLOGIES

POPA Ionuț Claudiu

The Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania
Abstract
The formulation of the technological innovation strategy of an entity (civilian or military) represents the evaluation of the current position and the definition of its future strategic course. Through this article, I aim to highlight the essential tools that can be used in strategic analysis to evaluate the entity's position following the principles and cultural intelligence of the Romanian people. The tools to be defined provide answers to questions such as: What threats and opportunities are the most pressing in the entity's environment? What are the entity's strengths and weaknesses? Does the entity have sources to maintain a sustainable competitive advantage? In this article, we have carried out quantitative research in the form of a questionnaire, and among the objectives can be listed: analyzing the opinions of some Romanian specialists on how strategic management evolves in the implementation of new technologies, highlighting the best tools that are used in this process and which are the perspectives regarding the implementation of new technologies.
Key words
strategic management, technologies, development, strategic tools.
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CHALLENGES OF NATIONAL DEFENSE RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

ȘERBAN Constantin-Neculai

Ministry of National Defense, Romania
Abstract
The trend of permanent development has been known since ancient times. Starting with the gatherer-man/ hunter and reaching the modern man, humanity wanted to consolidate a better life through the cultivation, the production of goods, to ensure its physical and group security by strengthening its defense/ fight-capacity and satisfy their permanent need for knowledge which is largely related to the structure of human being. All these premises inevitably led us to an exponential increase in the quantity of goods, of ideas within the community, and, last but not least, of the mass of the population. But, behind these obvious changes lie the resources, the basis of our entire activities, both physical and ideological.
Key words
Resources; Defense; Management; Risks; Threats; Challenges.
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COMMUNICATION BETWEEN MYTHS AND FACTS OR COMMUNICATION PITFALLS AND BENEFITS

POPA Brîndușa Maria
CONSTANTINESCU Maria
DUMITRACHE Vlad Ionuț

Ministry of Defense Romania
Abstract
Communication is a prevalent activity of the organizational life,which takes place intentionally or unintentionally, formally of informally and supports all the other organizational processes. Time and research showed that communication clearly has an impact upon organizational life and efficiency. Scholars tried to systematize it and to identify guidelines for effective communication, transforming it from an inherent human activity into science thus, communication became one of the drivers of organizational efficiency and productivity. However, as any other mechanism, it can function perfectly and induce progress or it can have syncopes which, consequently, will slow and hinder the activity. Communication cannot compensate for lack of resources, technology or knowledge still, it can connect and enhance what already exists. It will enhance employee engagement and consequently, employee performance and retention. It facilitates the understanding of the purpose and the organizational processes, making the individuals more attached to the organizational culture and mission.
Key words
communication, myths, facts, results, organization.
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IMPORTANCE OF FLIGHT SIMULATION IN THE PRIMARY TRAINING OF COLOMBIAN AIR FORCE PILOTS, FOR THE PROPER MANAGEMENT OF DEFENSE RESOURCES

SUÁREZ SANTOS Yesid Ricardo

Colombian Air Force
Abstract
Flight simulation has become an indispensable learning tool for developing aircrew capabilities and skills in the aviation environment. In just over half a century, it has earned a reputation for high levels of fidelity and the ability to provide an environment, in which effective flight crew training can be conducted at lower cost and safety, helping to prevent accidents and loss of life and improving the cockpit's decision-making process. This paper aims to verify the importance of simulated flight in the primary training of the Colombian Air Force (hereinafter FAC) pilots. Through the research of documentary review on its evolution, application, technical and operational requirements, and cost-effectiveness to determine the appropriate defense resources management. Consequently, the research is composed of the following sections: first, to analyze the current regulations for flight simulator training for primary pilot training in the FAC; second, to identify the advantages of flight simulator training for FAC crews used in air operations for the security and defense of the Nation; third, to verify the cost-benefit in the adequate administration of defense resources; and finally, to determine if the incorporation of simulated training missions improves the learning process for the training process; third, to verify the cost-benefit in the adequate administration of defense resources, and finally, to determine if the incorporation of simulated training missions improves the learning and decision-making process, which results in the improvement of instruction processes and reduces operating costs for the Institution.
Key words
Military education; teaching; learning; simulation; flight simulator; military decision making.
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GROUP VIOLATIONS OF PUBLIC ORDER: METHODS AND PROCEDURES FOR AMELIORATING CRISIS SITUATIONS

TALMACI Valentin

Military Academy "Alexandru cel Bun", Republic of Moldova
Abstract
The present article describes the evolution of group violations of public order during mass demonstrations, but also some methods and procedures for ameliorating crisis situations. In the context of the elaborated study, the circumstances in which peaceful demonstrations turn into violent ones are formulated, based on the indicators that characterize the process of their degeneration, the influence of the number of people who join the gathering. The tense conditions of the situation are described, with an emphasis on those case in which the manifestation can be difficult to control. The stages of transition from peaceful to violent demonstrations are also presented during the chapters of this paper. The conditions for the emergence and tension of conflict situations are described, based on some requirements of the participants, which can be: economic, political, social, religious. The study aims to take a look at the broad description of the methods of amelioration of crisis situations and the principles of involvement of public order forces, but also to determine the proper directions of communication, in order to avoid tensions and violence, which may take place during public demonstrations. Research of the indicated subject with proposals regarding the improvement and development of the public order system will also be an objective of the final part of the paper.
Key words
public order; crisis management public manifestations, demonstrations, conflict situations.
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SWOT ANALYSIS ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE FOR GOVERNMENTAL PURPOSES

VRÎNCEANU Iulian

Ministry of National Defense, Romania
Abstract
From Smartphones to Chatbots, Artificial intelligence (AI) is already abundant in our digital lives. We just might not know it yet. The momentum behind AI is building, thanks in part to the massive amounts of data that computers can gather about our likes, our purchases and our movements every day. And specialists in AI research use all that data to train machines how to learn and predict what we want - or dislike. The applications of AI are likely to impact critical facets of our economy and society over the coming decades. We are in the early rounds of what many credible experts view as the most promising era in technology innovation and value creation for the foreseeable future.
Key words
artificial intelligence, applications, machines, future.
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SHORT COMMUNICATION: THE CORRELATION BETWEEN WARTIME INFORMATION STRATEGY AND DEFENCE CAPABILITIES. THE CASE OF THE RUSSO-UKRAINIAN WAR

Marlena Zadorożna, PhD

War Studies University/ Faculty of National Security, Academic Centre for Strategic Communication/ Warsaw/ Poland
Abstract
The Russo-Ukrainian war has undoubtedly caused demand in the arms industry. However, the capabilities of domestic arms markets of warring parties is not a determining factor of the result of the war. Activities in the information sphere are also of great importance, as they often influence the support awarded by the international community. Western arms supplies to Ukraine may serve as a good example of such correlation. The support gained by Ukraine is the result of geopolitical considerations, as well as Kyiv’s well thought-out actions in the information environment. This paper aims to explain the correlation between wartime information strategy and defence capabilities in the context of the Russo-Ukrainian war..
Key words
the Russo-Ukrainian War; Information Strategy; Strategic Communication; Defence Capabilities; Defence Industry; StratCom; International Community.
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